Guides for understanding patterns, terrain, and persistent symptoms.

Evergreen Guides

These are my core public articles: condensed pieces that explain my approach, orient the reader, and answer the questions that come up repeatedly in practice.

What is functional medicine?

A pillar-page topic that explains our approach, the clinical reasoning behind it, and how a systems view differs from symptom-by-symptom care.

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My labs are normal, so why do I still feel unwell?

A frequent question among people dealing with fatigue, brain fog, digestive disruption, anxiety, sleep issues, or a loss of resilience despite reassuring routine testing.

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Chronic fatigue: understanding the terrain and rebuilding energy

A broader view of persistent exhaustion that looks past willpower and investigates metabolic load, recovery capacity, inflammation, and underlying systems imbalance.

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Stress, anxiety, and nervous-system overload

A systems-based look at what happens when pressure becomes chronic and the body no longer returns easily to regulation, clarity, and restorative calm.

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Digestive symptoms through a functional lens

A structured approach to chronic digestive discomfort that looks at gut integrity, assimilation, inflammation, microbial ecology, and whole-system burden.

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Sleep, recovery, and whole-system balance

A guide to restoring biological rhythm, improving recovery, and understanding why sleep quality is often the visible surface of a larger clinical pattern.

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Chronic inflammation and metabolic health

A practical way to think about silent inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, weight resistance, and the deeper physiology that keeps people feeling stuck.

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Chronic pain and integrative systems care

A broader lens on persistent pain that takes into account inflammation, compensation, nervous-system load, tissue recovery, and the lived context of chronic symptoms.

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What a consultation with Dr Arno Kroner looks like

An overview of the care journey, from first conversation and history-taking to deeper review, functional investigation, and the structure of follow-through.

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When is this kind of care a good fit?

A guide for people trying to understand whether a root-cause and functional approach makes sense for their symptoms, goals, and stage of care.

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Deep Dive Articles

Longer-form essays, newsletter conversions, and clinically denser writing.

Mind, Stress & Recovery

Articles on mental health, trauma, stress physiology, recovery burden, and nervous-system resilience.

Functional medicine and mental health

A preserved deep dive on the mental health lens in functional medicine, including whole-person care, treatment pillars, and supporting research.

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Long COVID and mental health

A focused article on post-viral mental health burden, brain fog, anxiety, depression, PTSD overlap, and why long COVID recovery often needs a wider systems view.

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Antidepressants and weight gain

A practical article on medication-specific weight-gain patterns, appetite and metabolic mechanisms, and how to support patients without oversimplifying the tradeoffs.

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Cortisol, stress physiology, and resilience

A practical article on cortisol rhythms, the cortisol awakening response, trauma load, metabolic adaptation, and why one isolated cortisol number rarely tells the whole story.

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The biology of trauma

A biologically informed trauma article covering amygdala activation, hippocampal strain, cortisol, the gut-brain axis, ACEs, and the case for team-based healing.

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Synchronicity in healing: when the body finally “speaks”

A preserved article exploring psychoneuroimmunology, symbolism, TCM flow, HRV coherence, and the deeper timing that sometimes appears in healing.

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Hormones, Metabolism & Energy

Hormones, cardiometabolic markers, energy physiology, and the supplement articles that sit closest to those themes.

Thyroid function beyond normal labs

A practical guide to thyroid physiology, sleep, stress, reverse T3, and the reasons people can feel hypothyroid long before the story feels obvious.

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PCOS and metabolic-hormonal patterns

A broader view of PCOS that includes insulin resistance, androgens, cycle disruption, inflammation, and the practical levers that change the terrain.

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LDL particle size and number

A practical lipid article on why LDL-C is often incomplete, when LDL particle number matters more, and how advanced testing sharpens cardiometabolic risk.

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Chronic fatigue: understanding the terrain and restoring energy

A systems-based fatigue article on sleep, inflammation, mitochondrial burden, overcommitment, and how to think beyond “all your labs are normal.”

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Chronic inflammation and metabolic health

A foundational article on inflammatory burden, metabolic dysfunction, and the cumulative signals that drive modern chronic disease.

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Nutritional lithium and low-dose lithium

A clinically cautious lithium article covering observational data, mood and neuroprotection claims, testing, and why lithium should never be treated like a casual supplement.

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Omega-3s: why they still matter

A practical omega-3 article covering EPA, DHA, dosing, the omega-3 index, and why tissue status matters more than generic fish-oil advice.

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Magnesium: clinical uses and common mistakes

A practical magnesium guide covering deficiency patterns, supplement forms, sleep, muscle cramps, bowel tolerance, and why not all magnesium works the same.

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Turmeric vs. curcumin: moving beyond the blanket remedy

A practical guide to curcuminoids, formulation choices, anti-inflammatory strategy, and why concentration changes the clinical picture.

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Berberine: where it helps and where it doesn’t

A clinically grounded guide to berberine for blood sugar, lipids, gut infections, and weight-loss hype, including the limits and medication cautions.

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Methylation, vitamin B12 & MMA

A systems-based guide to methylation, vitamin B12, methylmalonic acid, homocysteine, and why functional deficiency often hides behind “normal” serum markers.

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Gut, Barrier & Inflammation

Digestive ecology, barrier integrity, microbiome disruption, and the inflammatory articles most closely tied to those themes.

Post-antibiotic recovery and microbiome rebuilding

A structured look at what can happen after antibiotics and how to rebuild digestion, microbial resilience, and metabolic steadiness without simplistic probiotic thinking.

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SIBO and SIFO: when bacterial and fungal overgrowth overlap

A combined gut-overgrowth article on why bacterial and fungal patterns overlap, how mixed presentations happen, and where testing, motility, and diet each fit.

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Barrier permeability: gut, brain, and gums

A combined permeability article linking leaky gut, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and gingival permeability through inflammation, dysbiosis, and systems-based care.

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The lung-gut axis

A preserved article on microbiome-respiratory signaling, the Lung-Large Intestine relationship, and practical asthma and sinusitis applications.

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Mold-related illness and environmental exposure

A combined mold article covering symptom patterns, mycotoxin concerns, mental-health overlap, hidden building sources, and the practical logic of remediation.

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Immune, Environmental & Toxic Load

Environmental exposures, immune support, metals, fungi, and the articles that bridge toxicology with preventive medicine.

PFAS and root cause medicine

A practical PFAS article on forever chemicals, total toxic load, endocrine and gut effects, exposure reduction, and how functional and Chinese medicine each frame the issue.

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Should you worry about MRI contrast agents?

A balanced article on gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents, including common side effects, kidney considerations, retention, and the limits of natural detox claims.

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Dental amalgam removal protocol

A practical protocol for safer mercury amalgam removal, including pre-procedure labs, supplement support, procedure-day measures, and what protective steps to confirm with the dentist.

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Shingles and integrative care

A preserved clinical deep dive on shingles that keeps the original nutrition framework, stress-physiology visual, TCM herbal formulas, and integrated care tables.

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The metal element and your immune blueprint: zinc

A preserved zinc deep dive covering immune regulation, gut integrity, Metal element physiology, intracellular testing, and practical supplement forms and doses.

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Medicinal mushrooms: quality, compounds, and uses

A practical mushroom article on beta-glucans, species differences, extraction quality, and why many commercial mushroom products are mostly expensive starch.

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Clinical Conditions & Complex Cases

Standalone condition articles and complex cases where the systems view is especially clinically useful.

Chronic kidney disease and integrative care

A systems-based CKD article covering gut-kidney signaling, inflammation, cardiovascular risk, mitochondrial strain, and practical support strategies.

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Chronic pain and an integrative approach

A systems-based pain article linking inflammation, tissue load, nervous-system amplification, and the integrative strategies that change recovery odds.

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Peyronie's disease: treatment options and clinical guidance

A long-form clinical guide covering disease phases, diagnostic workup, traction, injections, surgery, erectile function, and how to think clearly about treatment decisions.

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Hidradenitis suppurativa

A standalone HS deep dive covering inflammation, the gut-skin axis, hormones, immune dysregulation, Chinese medicine patterns, and why dermatology alone is often not the whole map.

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Clinical Philosophy & Integrative Frameworks

The articles that explain your medical worldview, pattern-recognition style, and the bridge between Eastern and functional medicine.

The art and science of Duì Yào

A preserved article on herb pairings, classical formula logic, and the molecular relationships that help explain why two herbs can do more together than alone.

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The body's wisdom

A preserved article on the shared principles of Chinese medicine and functional medicine, including philosophy, diagnostics, and integrative treatment thinking.

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What your nails can say about your health

A practical nail-sign article covering ridges, Beau lines, clubbing, spoon nails, yellowing, TCM pattern interpretation, and the limits of reading too much from nails alone.

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Health Guides

Visual references, clinical charts, and high-utility public education that people can actually use.

Micronutrients and common deficiencies

Visual references for micronutrient function, common deficiency patterns, and the terrain-level questions that arise when diet, absorption, stress, or medication burden shift nutrient status.

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Medication-related nutrient depletion

A practical reference for nutrient depletion patterns associated with common medications and the kinds of clinical follow-up questions they should prompt.

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Exercise by age group

Concise movement guidance organized by age group, useful as a public-facing reference that stays practical without collapsing into generic fitness advice.

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Health screenings by age

A clear reference for routine screening discussions and preventive care timing, useful for helping people orient around what is worth checking and when.

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Gut-brain connection

A visual education piece on gut-brain signaling, digestive terrain, and why mood, inflammation, and gastrointestinal symptoms often travel together.

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Heart rate zones

A useful bridge between metabolic health, recovery, and training literacy for readers interested in exercise physiology and endurance-oriented self-understanding.

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NOVA food groups

A practical visual reference for thinking about food quality, ultra-processing, and how modern food environments influence metabolic and inflammatory burden.

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Driving and sitting guide

A useful ergonomic handout on posture, prolonged sitting, and practical body mechanics for people spending long hours driving or working seated.

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Lab interpretation ebook

A longer-form downloadable guide for understanding laboratory patterns more thoughtfully and asking better questions about what biomarkers may be signaling.

Open guide

Interactive sleep experience

Explore the dedicated sleep experience for a more immersive look at sleep architecture, recovery patterns, and practical pathways into better rest.

Open experience
Endurance & Performance

Endurance writing, training analysis, race reports, and the physiology of long efforts drawn from years of mountain ultra and Ironman experience.

UTMB race report and mountain lessons

A refined UTMB race report that pulls forward the lessons on pacing, descents, aid station decisions, sleep deprivation, and alpine race psychology.

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UTMB training: volume, nutrition, gear, and rest

A consolidated training guide built from the original UTMB series on mountain specificity, fuel planning, logistics, gear, and the discipline of arriving ready.

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Integrative recovery: science and wisdom for the post-marathon body and mind

A long-form recovery guide on post-race psychology, glycogen restoration, renal stress, inflammation, and the practical timeline for rebuilding after 42.2 km.

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Branched-chain amino acids: a clinical and performance perspective

A practical endurance article on central fatigue, tryptophan competition, DOMS, muscle preservation, and where BCAAs genuinely fit in performance nutrition.

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